# https://polomints.ac.uk

> Polar Ocean Mixing by Internal Tsunamis


## Posts

- [A first for RRS Sir David Attenborough: science in the dark](https://polomints.ac.uk/a-first-for-rrs-sir-david-attenborough-science-in-the-dark/): Originally posted on the BAS website By Mike Meredith Professor Mike Meredith is an oceanographer at British Antarctic Survey. He concludes a first of its kind science cruise on the RRS Sir David Attenborough conducting research in the polar winter.  Winter in Antarctica is typically the preserve of the few hardy souls who “winter over” at the research stations scattered across the icy continent. But this year, I’ve had the extraordinary privilege of spending time in the Southern Ocean aboard the RRS Sir David Attenborough during the Antarctic winter – a rare opportunity that has yielded some fascinating scientific insights. Antarctica may seem remote, … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group
- [SDA Winter Cruise SD050, a pre-cursor(ish) to POLOMINTS](https://polomints.ac.uk/sda-winter-cruise-sd050-a-pre-cursorish-to-polomints/): By Mike Meredith Science on the British Antarctic Survey’s research vessel RRS Sir David Attenborough cruise SD050 has now entered full swing, with sequences of oceanographic measurements close to the Sheldon Glacier near Rothera, near Blaiklock Island, and adjacent to the Horton and Hurley Glaciers. This cruise is a rare wintertime expedition with the ship, and affords us an excellent opportunity to further our understanding of how glaciers impact the ocean, and vice versa. It contributes to a number of scientific projects, including serving as a precursor the main POLOMINTS fieldwork that starts next season. During our transit south to … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group
- [SDA Winter Cruise, ITV Coverage](https://polomints.ac.uk/sda-winter-cruise-itv-coverage/): Cruise SD050 includes some pre-cursor science to the major POLOMINTS field programme that starts in January 2026. ITV News are reporting from SD050, including with POLOMINTS scientists. The article can be found here.
- [SDA Winter Cruise 2025](https://polomints.ac.uk/sda-winter-cruise-2025/): By Mike Meredith RRS Sir David Attenborough winter cruise SD050 is currently on transit south toward Rothera and Ryder Bay, which will be our main POLOMINTS field site next summer season. During our transit, we called into Börgen Bay on Anvers Island, to take advantage of the opportunity to collect some water samples and underway ocean measurements. This is an especially interesting location for us, being where we witnessed the major glacier calving event some years ago that led to our discovery of calving-induced internal tsunamis, and the POLOMINTS project overall. We studied the glacier in Börgen Bay for several … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group
- [BIOPOLE Rothera Campaign 2024/25](https://polomints.ac.uk/biopole-rothera-campaign-2024-25/): Originally posted on the BIOPOLE website In the early morning of December 20th Kate Hendry (BAS) and Alanna Grant (CEH) boarded the British Antarctic Survey’s Dash 7 airplane at Punta Arenas airport to make the five-hour journey across the Drake Passage to the West Antarctic Peninsula. They were making their way to Rothera Research Station for the BIOPOLE project. The overall aim of the BIOPOLE Rothera campaign was to assess the flux of organic and inorganic nutrients into Ryder Bay, the glaciated bay near Rothera Research Station. Kate and Alanna worked together in 2023 during the first BIOPOLE Svalbard fieldwork … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group
- [Can glaciers feed the ocean?](https://polomints.ac.uk/can-glaciers-feed-the-ocean/): Originally posted on the BAS website 29 July, 2024 Arctic You might imagine glaciers as vast, cold, and lifeless rivers of ice, but they’re far more dynamic and alive than we once thought. Kate Hendry, polar oceanographer at British Antarctic Survey is currently working in the Arctic. Below, she shares some insights from her recent research on these frozen rivers, and their impact on our oceans. Glaciers – vast rivers of ice that flow from ice caps and ice sheets – were once thought to be inert environments, too cold for biology or for chemical reactions to occur. In the past two … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group
- [Underwater tsunamis focus of new study](https://polomints.ac.uk/test-news-post/): Originally posted on the BAS website An international research team, led by British Antarctic Survey (BAS), has been awarded £3.7M to advance a ground-breaking study on how underwater tsunamis are triggered by glacier calving around Antarctica. The scientists will analyse how these underwater tsunamis contribute to the mixing of ocean waters, a process that plays a critical role in shaping global climate systems, the Antarctic Ice Sheet, and marine ecosystems. This week, scientists from the project, called POLOMINTS, are meeting at the BAS headquarters in Cambridge to finalise plans for the project, which promises to shed light on this newly discovered … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group

## Pages

- [Programme Advisory Group](https://polomints.ac.uk/programme-advisory-group/): Alessandro Tagliabue University of Liverpool David Stevens University of East Anglia Graeme MacGilchrist University of St Andrews Chair of the PAG Jacqueline Stefels University of Groningen Robyn Tuerena Scottish Association for Marine Science Tom Cowton University of St Andrews
- [Events](https://polomints.ac.uk/events/)
- [Fieldwork](https://polomints.ac.uk/fieldwork/)
- [Publications](https://polomints.ac.uk/publications/): Meredith, M.P., M.E. Inall, J.A. Brearley, T. Ehmen, K. Sheen, D. Munday, A. Cook, K. Retallick, K. Van Landeghem, L. Gerrish, A. Annett, F. Carvalho, R. Jones, A.C. Naveira Garabato, C.Y.S. Bull, B.J. Wallis, A.E. Hogg and J. Scourse. “Internal tsunamigenesis and ocean mixing driven by glacier calving in Antarctica”. Science Advances, 8, 47, 10.1126/sciadv.add0720, 2022. Meredith MP, Hendry K, Abrahamsen EP, Brearley JA, Young E, Munday D, Venables H, Hogg A, Wallis BJ, Van Landeghem K, Carvalho F, Yool A, Annett A, Naveira Garabato A, Inall M, Sheen K, Fleming A, Dumont E, Głowacki O, Moffat C, Fraser N, … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group
- [WP4 Project Members](https://polomints.ac.uk/wp4-project-members/): Kate Hendry British Antarctic Survey WP2, WP4 Lead Michael Meredith British Antarctic Survey PI, WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4 Lead Romy Hall British Antarctic Survey Programme Manager, WP4
- [WP3 Project Members](https://polomints.ac.uk/wp3-project-members/): Alberto Naveira Garabato University of Southampton WP1, WP2, WP3 Amber Annett University of Southampton WP2, WP3 Andrew Yool National Oceanography Centre WP3 Anna Hogg University of Leeds WP3 Benjamin Wallis University of Leeds WP3 Emma Young British Antarctic Survey WP2, WP3 Lead, WP4 Katrien Van Landeghem Bangor University WP1, WP3 Lead Lénaïg Brun Scottish Association for Marine Science WP1, WP2, WP3 Michael Meredith British Antarctic Survey PI, WP1, WP2, WP3, WP4 Lead Neil Fraser Scottish Association for Marine Science WP3 Sarah Gille Scripps Institution of Oceanography WP1, WP2, WP3 Siobhán Foden British Antarctic Survey WP3
- [WP2 Project Members](https://polomints.ac.uk/wp2-project-members/): Alberto Naveira Garabato University of Southampton WP1, WP2, WP3 Alex Brearley British Antarctic Survey WP1, WP2 Lead Alex Murphy British Antarctic Survey WP1, WP2 Lead Amber Annett University of Southampton WP2, WP3 Carlos Moffat University of Delaware WP2 David Munday British Antarctic Survey WP2 Emma Young British Antarctic Survey WP2, WP3 Lead, WP4 Elise Droste National Oceanography Centre WP2 Filipa Carvalho National Oceanography Centre WP2 Lead Hugh Venables British Antarctic Survey WP2 Kate Hendry British Antarctic Survey WP2, WP4 Lead Lénaïg Brun Scottish Association for Marine Science WP1, WP2, WP3 Matthew Alford Scripps Institution of Oceanography WP1, WP2 Michael Meredith … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group
- [People](https://polomints.ac.uk/people/)
- [WP1 Project Members](https://polomints.ac.uk/wp1-project-members/): Alberto Naveira Garabato University of Southampton WP1, WP2, WP3 Alex Brearley British Antarctic Survey WP1, WP2 Lead Alex Murphy British Antarctic Survey WP1, WP2 Lead Andreas Cziferszky British Antarctic Survey WP1 Andrew Fleming British Antarctic Survey WP1 Estelle Dumont Scottish Association for Marine Science WP1 Kate Retallick Bangor University WP1 Katrien Van Landeghem Bangor University WP1, WP3 Lead Katy Sheen University of Exeter WP1 Lead Lénaïg Brun Scottish Association for Marine Science WP1, WP2, WP3 Mark Inall Scottish Association for Marine Science WP1 Lead Matthew Alford Scripps Institution of Oceanography WP1, WP2 Michael Meredith British Antarctic Survey PI, WP1, WP2, … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group
- [WP3 - Large-scale relevance and future evolution](https://polomints.ac.uk/wp3-large-scale-relevance-and-future-evolution/): WP3: Large-scale relevance and future evolution will use a combination of observations and modelling, informed by outputs from WP1 and WP2, to answer three key questions:- Q1) How widespread is internal tsunamigenesis by glacier calving? Q2) What are the large-scale impacts of tsunami-induced mixing on ocean productivity and drawdown of heat and carbon? Q3) How might changes in calving characteristics modify these impacts in the future as the ocean and atmosphere continue to warm? To address Q1, we will exploit Synthetic Aperture Radar data from the Sentinel-1 satellite combined with deep learning methods to systematically map the circumpolar geographical extent … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group
- [WP2 - Impacts on ocean physics, biogeochemistry and phytoplankton ecology](https://polomints.ac.uk/wp2-impacts-on-ocean-physics-biogeochemistry-and-phytoplankton-ecology/): WP2: Impacts on ocean physics, biogeochemistry and phytoplankton ecology will answer the following key questions:- Q1) What impact does internal tsunami-induced mixing have on the water column properties, specifically the stratification, mixed layer depth and heat fluxes? Q2) How does the magnitude of this compare with other (known) generators of mixing, including near-inertial shear from winds and internal tides? Q3) What are the biological and ecological implications of this mixing for ocean biogeochemistry (fluxes of nutrients into the photic zone) and phytoplankton ecology? Q4) What are the implications for carbon sequestration into the deeper ocean, below the main thermocline? To … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group
- [WP1 - Dynamics of internal tsunami generation](https://polomints.ac.uk/wp1-dynamics-of-internal-tsunami-generation/): Dynamics of internal tsunami generation will answer the following key questions: Q1) How does internal tsunami generation depend on calving magnitude and type (waterline, icefall, sheet collapse, stack topple, subaqueous, hybrid, etc.)? Q2) How do oceanographic conditions within fjords influence the characteristics of the internal tsunamis generated, and how does this vary within and between seasons? Q3) To what extent is fjord geometry a key influencer on the magnitude and nature of internal tsunamis generated? Q4) How far do the internal waves generated propagate from the source, how does the internal wave energy decay, and what is the associated dissipation … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group
- [About](https://polomints.ac.uk/about/)
- [POLOMINTS](https://polomints.ac.uk/): Mixing of the ocean around Antarctica is a key process that exerts influences over large scales and in multiple ways. By redistributing heat in the ocean, it exerts strong influences on the Antarctic Ice Sheet, with implications for sea level rise globally. Similarly, the redistribution of ocean heat affects the production of sea ice in winter and its melt in summer, with consequences for climate. Mixing also affects the distribution of nutrients in the ocean, with direct impacts on the marine ecosystem and biodiversity, and with impacts on fisheries. It was long thought that mixing of the seas close to … Continue reading Programme Advisory Group


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